- AutorIn
- Robert Khasanov Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Informatik, Institut für Technische Informatik
- Titel
- Adaptive and Energy-Efficient Management for Heterogeneous Multi-Core Architectures
- Zitierfähige Url:
- https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-979676
- Erstveröffentlichung
- 2025
- Datum der Einreichung
- 31.12.2024
- Datum der Verteidigung
- 25.03.2025
- Abstract (EN)
- The evolution of processor architectures has seen a significant shift over the past few decades, driven by increasing application demands. Historically, general-purpose computing systems focused on increasing clock speeds and later transitioned to multi-core architectures. At the same time, embedded systems focused on energy-efficient designs and shifted to heterogeneous architectures to handle increasingly complex applications. Over time, the boundaries between embedded and general-purpose systems began to blur: embedded systems integrated multitasking operating systems and started handling more dynamic workloads, while general-purpose systems have adopted energy-efficient principles. This convergence led to the emergence of Heterogeneous Multi-core Architectures (HMAs), which combine cores with different performance-energy characteristics but a shared Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), enhancing energy efficiency while allowing workloads to migrate between core types. Initially introduced in embedded systems, HMAs have since expanded to powerful desktop and server platforms, further blurring the boundaries between the two domains. Dynamic and unpredictable workloads, now prevalent in both domains, demand flexibility and adaptivity in resource management and application execution. HMAs add complexity to these challenges: resource managers must account for heterogeneous cores when allocating resources, while applications must adapt not only to dynamically changing allocations but also to the heterogeneity of the assigned cores. This thesis proposes a series of solutions to address these adaptivity challenges. At the resource management level, it builds upon Hybrid Application Mapping (HAM) methodologies, introducing novel algorithms for generating spatio-temporal mappings and leveraging domain-specific knowledge to enhance adaptivity in real-time systems. At the application level, this thesis introduces an extension to Kahn Process Networks (KPNs), improving adaptivity in dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Finally, it asserts that fully utilizing HMAs requires coordinated adaptivity between these two levels. This coordination is demonstrated with HARP, a novel resource management framework, which can also efficiently manage unforeseen applications, thereby extending its applicability to desktop and server systems. By addressing both embedded systems and general-purpose platforms featuring HMAs, this thesis optimizes the utilization of these architectures and improves energy efficiency across domains.
- Freie Schlagwörter (EN)
- Resource management, Heterogeneous Multi-Core Architectures, Application Mapping, Energy efficiency
- Klassifikation (DDC)
- 004
- Klassifikation (RVK)
- ST 151
- GutachterIn
- Prof. Dr. Jeronimo Castrillon
- Prof. Dr. Jürgen Teich
- BetreuerIn Hochschule / Universität
- Prof. Dr. Jeronimo Castrillon
- Prof. Dr. Hermann Härtig
- Den akademischen Grad verleihende / prüfende Institution
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden
- Förder- / Projektangaben
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Highly Adaptive Energy-Efficient Computing
(HAEC)
ID: SFB 912 - Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt 6G-life
(6G-life)
ID: 16KISK001K - Version / Begutachtungsstatus
- publizierte Version / Verlagsversion
- URN Qucosa
- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-979676
- Veröffentlichungsdatum Qucosa
- 22.07.2025
- Dokumenttyp
- Dissertation
- Sprache des Dokumentes
- Englisch
- Lizenz / Rechtehinweis
CC BY 4.0- Inhaltsverzeichnis
1. Introduction 1.1 Heterogeneous Multi-Core Architectures 1.2 Need for Adaptivity 1.2.1 Adaptivity at the Resource Management Level 1.2.2 Adaptivity at the Application Level 1.3 Contributions of This Thesis 1.4 Synopsis and Outline 2. Foundations of Application Mapping onto HMAs 2.1 Preliminaries 2.1.1 Mapping, Scheduling, and Spatio-Temporal Mapping 2.1.2 Performance and Energy Estimation 2.1.3 Static and Dynamic Power Consumption 2.1.4 Notation 2.2 System Model 2.2.1 Architecture 2.2.2 Application 2.2.3 Mapping 2.3 Mapping of Dataflow Applications 2.3.1 Dataflow Models of Computation 2.3.2 Design-time and Runtime Mapping Approaches 2.3.3 Trace-Based Simulation 2.4 Hybrid Application Mapping 2.4.1 Pareto-Optimal Operating Points 2.4.2 Spatial Mapping Optimization 2.4.3 Spatio-Temporal Mapping Optimization 2.4.4 Addressing Adaptivity Challenges 2.5 Mocasin Framework 2.5.1 Overview of Mocasin 2.5.2 Contributions to Mocasin 2.6 Synopsis 3. Related Work 3.1 Design-Time Application Mapping 3.2 Runtime Application Mapping 3.2.1 Runtime Mapping of Embedded Software 3.2.2 Runtime Mapping within OS Schedulers 3.3 Hybrid Application Mapping 3.4 Application Adaptivity 4. Efficient Spatio-Temporal Mapping Generation 4.1 Motivational Example 4.2 Spatio-Temporal Mapping Strategies 4.3 Fixed-Point Spatio-Temporal Mapping 4.3.1 MMKP-based Algorithm 4.3.2 Evaluation 4.4 Flexible Spatio-Temporal Mapping 4.4.1 STEM: Spatio-Temporal Evolutionary Mapping 4.4.2 FFEMS: Fast Flexible Energy-Minimizing Scheduler 4.4.3 Evaluation 4.5 Synopsis 5. Domain-Specific Hybrid Mapping for Baseband Processing 5.1 Approaches to Baseband Processing 5.2 Baseband Processing Architecture and Parameterization 5.3 Task Graph with Phase-Sequential Structure 5.4 Efficient Mapping Algorithm for Phased Task Graphs 5.5 Spatio-Temporal Mapping Reusing Previous Solutions 5.6 Evaluation 5.6.1 Platform Setup 5.6.2 Workload Model 5.6.3 Generation and Estimation of Operating Points 5.6.4 Energy-Efficient Runtime Mapping 5.7 Synopsis 6. Extending Kahn Process Networks with Adaptivity 6.1 Limitations of KPNs: A Motivational Example 6.2 Adaptive Process Network 6.2.1 Parallel Regions 6.2.2 Parallel Channels and Workload Distribution 6.2.3 Malleability 6.3 Dynamic Process Manager (DPM) Library 6.3.1 Programmer Interface 6.3.2 Runtime Topology 6.3.3 Configuration Management 6.4 Evaluation 6.4.1 Experimental Setup 6.4.2 Performance Scalability with Parallelization 6.4.3 Runtime Adaptivity 6.5 Synopsis 7. Coordinating Adaptivity in General-Purpose Environments 7.1 Need for Two-Way Communication 7.2 Adapting HAM Methodologies 7.3 HARP Design 7.3.1 Application Support via libharp 7.3.2 Resource Allocation 7.4 Runtime Exploration of Operating Points 7.4.1 Runtime Performance and Power Monitoring 7.4.2 Selection of the Regression Model 7.4.3 Runtime Exploration Algorithm 7.5 Evaluation 7.5.1 Experimental Setup 7.5.2 Intel Raptor Lake Evaluation 7.5.3 Odroid-XU3 Evaluation 7.5.4 Evaluation of the Learning Process 7.5.5 Performance Overhead of HARP 7.6 Synopsis 8. Conclusions and Outlook Glossary List of Figures List of Tables List of Algorithms List of Listings Bibliography